what is android?
Android is now the dominant operating system for mobile devices with nearly 80 percent of the smartphones market.
Android is a mobile platform designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers and based on a customised linux kernel that manages the hardware to provide different functionalities such as resources management, networking, drivers and security.
Android was initially developed by a group of programmers as a startup, It was backed financially by google and later bought in 2005. with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance in 2007, a consortium of hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices, android was announced as an open source operating system and The first Android-powered phone was sold in October 2008.
google is considered the basic company in the development of android with the release of the Google Nexus One. And Android platform is still evolving.
Android versions are developing under a codename of desserts and released according to alphabetical order: Cupcake , Donut , Eclair , Froyo , Gingerbread , Honeycomb , Ice Cream Sandwich , Jelly Bean , and KitKat .
Google announced On 3 September 2013 that 1 billion activated devices now use the Android OS worldwide. The most recent major android update was Jelly Bean , which was released on commercial devices on 24 July 2013 via an OTA update.
On 31 October 2013, Google released Android 4.4 KitKat.
How to begin start developing applications for this platform?
Developers have the choice to use Java or C/C++ as their primary programming language. But in practice most android developers prefer using Java with the Eclipse IDE. Tools and support are provided with the official site of android developers to build applications in Java.
Android developers used the Dalvik virtual machine with optimisations for a mobile devices to run java binary code and they rebuilt the standard library and provided a library/framework that runs smoothly even on an older generation mobile device especially, for the UI and graphics library.
during developing android apps, we will manage xml codes for UI ( User interface) and java codes for the control of the app functionalities.
First we have to set up our android development envirement which will be the next lesson.
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